Probation and Dismissal Rules in Japan [YOLO JAPAN]

Starting a new job in Japan can be exciting—but also stressful if you’re unsure about the rules on probation or dismissal.

This guide explains what the probation period means, when dismissal can happen, and what rights employees have under Japanese law.

Understanding these points helps you work with peace of mind and avoid unexpected trouble.

【What is a Probation Period?】

It is a trial period when you first join a company.
The company uses this time to decide whether you are a good fit for long-term employment. It usually lasts 3 to 6 months.

📝 Things You Must Check

・ Is the probation period clearly written in your contract, and how long is it?

・ Will your salary be reduced during probation? (This can differ depending on the company)

・ After probation, will you be automatically hired as a regular employee, or will there be an evaluation or interview?

【What is Dismissal?】

It means the company tells you that you can no longer work there.
Under Japanese law, it is not easy for a company to dismiss an employee without valid reasons.

📌 Valid Reasons for Dismissal (Examples)

・ Repeatedly breaking company rules

・ Lying to get hired (such as false qualifications or education)

・ Theft of company money or causing serious trouble

・ Business downsizing due to poor management

📝 Rules for Dismissal

・ Employers must give notice at least 30 days in advance

・ If dismissed immediately, the company must pay 30 days’ worth of salary

・ Dismissal for reasons such as nationality, gender, or pregnancy is prohibited

❓ Frequently Asked Questions

Click ▶ to see the answer

Q1. Can I be dismissed immediately during probation?

A. No. Even during probation, you cannot be dismissed without valid reasons.

Q2. If I’m dismissed, do I have to leave immediately?

A. Employers must give 30 days’ notice. If dismissed immediately, they must pay 30 days’ worth of salary.

Q3. What should I do if I feel anxious about probation or dismissal?

A. Ask your company for clarification. If you are still unsure, you can seek advice from the consultation services below.

🔑 Key Takeaways

・ Probation is a trial period, usually 3–6 months

・ Even during probation, dismissal requires valid reasons

・ Dismissal requires “30 days’ notice” or “30 days’ pay”

📚 References

・ MHLW | Labor Contracts (Probation Period)

・ MHLW | Dismissal (Labor Standards Act, Article 20)

If you’re in trouble, don’t hesitate to seek help

If you think something is wrong—for example, you were suddenly told to leave your job—don’t handle it alone.
These organizations offer consultation services for foreign workers in Japan:

・ Labor Standards Inspection Office (for dismissal, overtime, unpaid wages)

・ Foreign Worker Consultation Service (available in Easy Japanese and multiple languages)

Looking for a job in Japan?

Find opportunities and apply for free with YOLO JAPAN.

※ This article is a simplified explanation for foreign residents in Japan. For the latest legal information, please confirm with your employer or official institutions.